Petroglyphs etched on a sandstone wall in Arizona.
Arizona has a number of noted natural wonders and an impressive landscape complimented by a vast, unobstructed sky. These wonders are complemented further by archaeological and historical finds that include the remnants of ancient peoples, who left behind traces of their culture through pottery, clay dwellings, and petroglyphs. The White Tank Mountains are one of the places in the southwestern United States where these ancient petroglyphs still endure after thousands of years.
History of the White Tank Mountains
Examples of Hohokam Indian petroglyphs.
The White Tank Mountains of Waddell, Arizona have an interesting history. They were occupied by the Hohokam Indians between 500 and 1100 AD, and then by the Yavapai Indians. Besides these tribes, other ancient people left their cultural and spiritual heritage behind much earlier, perhaps as many as 10 000 years ago. Human habitation was centered around the natural water tanks, or tinajas, that were dug out of the canyons by the local flood waters.
Where to Find the Petroglyphs
The largest group of petroglyphs is found along Waterfall Canyon Trail and is known as Petroglyph Plaza, a place frequented by both archaeologists and tourists. Black Rock Trail winds through the remains of a Hohokam village, where a trained archaeologist can also discern ruined houses and garbage pits. There is another group of petroglyph etchings along the trail leading to Box Canyon Trail. The trails are accessible to independent explorers and hikers but guided tours are also available.
Meanings and Function
The etched pictures on the stones are likenesses of animals, people, celestial patterns, and other mysterious designs and symbols. Nobody is sure exactly what the petroglyphs meant, but their functions are less enigmatic. They recorded important events and locations and were charms for good weather and bountiful hunting. Some were auspicious religious symbols, others were trail markers or used as maps.
Care and Preservation
Modern interest in the petroglyphs is appreciated and encouraged, and many guided tours of the petroglyphs and the corresponding archaeological sites are offered frequently. However, these are to be undertaken with care and vigilance so these fragile places remain preserved. Touching the petroglyphs is discouraged, as even the oil from your skin can damage them. Taking rubbings of the etched stone pictures will further erode the darker areas. Photographs are safe, and literature with detailed pictures is readily available instead.
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